• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Electromagnetic stirrer for use in vertical continuous casting systems, and use thereof. The present invention relates to an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring a volume of molten copper material in a vertical continuous casting system. It also focuses on a method of electromagnetic stirring that allows, in the context of a vertical continuous casting system for obtaining copper pre-tubes, the stirring of a volume of molten copper material during the process of forming by vertical casting, by using the electromagnetic stirrer of the invention. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2619840A1
    申请号:ES201730560
    申请日:2017-03-31
    公开日:2017-06-27
    发明作者:Miguel Ángel GARCÍA ZAMORA；Lluís Maria RIERA FONTANA；Xavier CLOSA ROIG；Gabriel Font Puig；Núria；FERRER CRUSELLAS
    申请人:La Farga Lacambra SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Electromagnetic stirrer for use in vertical continuous casting systems, and use thereof

    DESCRIPTION
     5
    The present invention relates to an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring a volume of molten copper material in a vertical continuous casting system.

    Additionally, the present invention also focuses on an electromagnetic stirring method that allows, in the context of a vertical continuous casting system 10 intended to obtain copper pre-pipes, the agitation of a volume of molten copper material during the process of conformation by vertical casting.

    This invention is part of the metallurgical industrial sector, particularly in the field of manufacturing copper products, more particularly, of copper pipes. fifteen

    Background of the invention

    The use of vertical continuous casting technology in the shaping of wire rods and metal pipes is widely known in the state of the art. The control of the 20 different variables involved in said vertical continuous casting process is critical for the properties obtained in the final product, which can be destined to numerous applications, for which there will be different technical requirements of said final product.
     25
    Continuous casting technology has been widely applied to obtain steel products. For this specific use, it is also known that the application of a magnetic field on molten steel allows a substantial improvement in the properties of the final product obtained from copper, such as the reduction of segregation, or a greater homogeneity in the microstructure . With this objective, different strategies for the application of magnetic fields have been developed over the years, with electromagnetic agitation being the most prominent of them.

    In general, electromagnetic agitation is based on the fact that a variable magnetic field applied to a conductor induces an electric current in it, thus generating what is known as Lorenz force. This force translates into a
    moment of force or torque, which causes a rotational movement in the molten metal, which depends on the intensity and frequency of the current provided, the geometry of the system and, in cases where a coil is used, the characteristics of the same. It has been observed that the control of these parameters allows to regulate the characteristics of the agitation, which makes it possible to obtain equiaxial growth of the grains 5 during solidification, and to obtain grains of a smaller size, since it does not allow the advance of solidification fronts, thus avoiding the formation of large grains.

    The magnetic field used can be obtained by applying an alternating electric current 10, in accordance with a widely known effect in the field of electromagnetism called Ampère's law.

    In the field of continuous casting to obtain steel products, different approaches based on electromagnetic agitation are known, many of them being directed to control the last layers of material formed, more superficial, during the solidification process of the alloy.

    Illustratively, EP2269750B1 describes a continuous steel casting system intended to minimize gas bubbles trapped in the solidified shell that is formed of material; This comprises a system defined by walls of different dimensions, an electromagnetic stirring device disposed along said walls, such as an electromagnetic induction coil, and an electromagnetic clutch device, where in addition the presence of a curved portion is essential . The stirring device allows the stirring of a fraction of molten steel, while the clutch device 25 allows the direct application of a magnetic field on the steel. This system, however, has a certain complexity, and also requires the presence of both electromagnetic devices to function effectively.

    It is worth noting that there is no known use of electromagnetic agitation 30 in continuous casting processes of molten copper, particularly in vertical continuous casting processes.

    An example of this specific application is patent application EP2650063A1, which describes a molding device for continuous downward casting equipped with a stirrer, suitable for use with non-ferrous materials with conductive properties, such as
    for example aluminum, copper, zinc, or an alloy of at least two of them. This device comprises a casting space with an inlet and an outlet portion, a substantially cylindrical central portion, and a magnetic field generating device comprising an electrode system and a permanent magnet.
     5
    However, in the cases described in the state of the art, the presence of a permanent magnet, or a coil system, is often required, which is a limiting factor both for the manufacture of the device, and at the structural level , or regarding the possibilities of agitation control. Furthermore, there is no known application of this type of agitation in upward vertical continuous casting systems for molten copper, 10 where the optimization of the casting and solidification stage becomes increasingly important, due to the significant amounts of material of copper that must be disposed of in the early stages of the casting and solidification process due to its deficient properties. This loss of material, known as "shrinkage", is usually due to the initial obtaining of a final solid copper product (eg 15-copper pre-pipe) with an excessively large grain size, which will not be suitable for subsequent treatments, due to its high tendency to crack cracking. This translates into the loss of a certain volume of defective copper material, with the consequences that this implies from an economic, energy and even waste generation and treatment point of view. twenty

    From all of the above, the need for new electromagnetic stirring devices adaptable to the vertical continuous casting systems of molten copper, particularly upward vertical continuous casting, which also allows a dynamic control of the stirring conditions, is thus able to optimize the solidification of molten copper 25, and obtain a final product with better structural and mechanical properties, while minimizing the initial loss of material or shrinkage.

    Detailed description of the invention
     30
    An objective of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring a volume of molten copper material in a vertical continuous casting system, which allows solving the problems present in the state of the art mentioned above, reducing the initial loss of solid copper product (eg copper pre-pipe) which is usually obtained in the first hours of this type of casting process, defective due to its excessively large grain size.
    The electromagnetic stirrer of the present invention is capable of generating a magnetic field inside a row, an element typically used in vertical continuous casting technology; In addition, it occupies a small space, which allows its easy incorporation into an industrial furnace, as well as its coupling with the row system, cooling jacket (i.e. “supercooler”) and molten copper bath. Its use allows obtaining a final product of solid copper material (e.g. copper pre-tube) with significant homogeneity at the microscopic level, and substantially equiaxial grains.

    The term "approximately", as used in the present invention when preceding a value of a parameter, referring to it, is intended to designate any value 10 in a range corresponding to ± 10% of its numerical value, preferably a corresponding range at ± 5% of its numerical value, more preferably a range corresponding to ± 2% of its numerical value, and still more preferably a range corresponding to ± 1% of its numerical value. For example, "about 60 mm" should be interpreted as a range of 54 mm to 66 mm, preferably a range of 57 mm to 63 15 mm, more preferably a range of 58.8 mm to 61.2 mm, and even more preferably a range of 59.4 mm to 60.6 mm.

    By "equiaxial grain" is understood in the state of the art a grain in which similar growth has occurred in all directions. twenty

    By "copper pre-pipe" is understood in the state of the art a copper tube initially obtained in manufacturing processes of copper tubes, which must be subjected to later stages of treatment to improve its mechanical properties, e.g. drawing and annealing or recrystallization stages, to convert it into a finished copper tube that has characteristics that conform to the specifications required for its final application.

    In order to generate a homogeneous magnetic field that acts on the molten copper volume of the continuous casting system, thereby producing its agitation, the electromagnetic stirrer of the present invention comprises at least three electrical conductor segments 30, arranged in parallel and equidistant. each other, one of the ends of each being provided with terminal protrusions. Preferably, said stirrer comprises four electrical conductor segments, arranged in parallel and equidistant from each other, one of the ends of each being provided with terminal protrusions. 35
    This parallel and equidistant distribution of the electric conductive segments makes it possible to ensure the homogeneity of the intensity of the magnetic field generated throughout the row perimeter of the vertical continuous casting system, an especially important aspect to achieve homogeneous agitation of the volume of molten copper material . 5

    Preferably, these electrical conductor segments are in the form of cylindrical bars.

    In addition, it is worth noting that given the high working temperature of the volume 10 of molten copper material, usually higher than 1100 ° C, and particularly 1150 ° C, said electrical conductive segments must be made of a material resistant to these high temperatures. Preferably, these electrical conductor segments are made of graphite material, and more preferably, these conductor segments consist of cylindrical bars made of graphite material. fifteen

    In a particular embodiment, these electric conductor segments consist of cylindrical bars of graphite material having a diameter between approximately 30 mm and 90 mm. More preferably, said cylindrical bars of graphite material have a diameter of approximately 60 mm. twenty

    In a preferred embodiment, since this agitator is configured for incorporation in an industrial furnace, and its coupling with the row system, cooling jacket or "supercooler", and molten copper bath, the distance between the longitudinal axis defined by each of the electric conductor segments and the longitudinal axis 25 defined by said row is approximately 200 mm or less.

    On the other hand, it is emphasized that the electrical conductor segments are preferably covered by a layer of insulating material. Said insulating material can be selected, in a non-limiting manner, from the group consisting of alumina, silicon carbide and a combination thereof.

    This last aspect is due to the fact that conductive materials, and more particularly graphite, can see their reactivity to oxygen increased at elevated temperatures, such as at 1150 ° C, the usual use temperature in cast-up vertical continuous casting systems 35 ; as a result, the part of these conductive segments
    Electrical that is not submerged in the bath of molten copper material could suffer rapid degradation. Additionally, when said electrical conductor segments are made of a material with a good electrical conductivity, such as graphite, a tendency towards dissipation of the current flowing through said conductors is observed, which will tend to flow towards the volume of copper material melted in a disorganized manner, 5 without following the path of the flow of molten copper that penetrates inside the row. Therefore, it is particularly advantageous to protect and insulate these electrical conductor segments with a layer of insulating material.

    The electromagnetic stirrer of the present invention further comprises a fixing means configured to hold said at least three electrical conductor segments, which is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction defined by the electrical conductor segments, at the upper end thereof, and wherein said fixing means is provided with at least three through holes capable of passing said terminal protrusions, and an additional through hole located on the surface defined in said fixing means by said at least three through holes, such that through of said additional through hole is capable of passing a row of a vertical continuous casting system provided with a cooling jacket.

    Additionally, said agitator comprises a second means for fixing said at least three electric conductor segments, said fastening means being arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction defined by said at least three electric conductor segments, at the lower end thereof, and wherein said fixing means is provided with a through hole, and a collecting ring located concentrically around said through hole, where through said through hole is capable of passing a row of a vertical continuous casting system provided with a cooling jacket.

    Said collector ring, located in the lower part of the electric conductor segments, specifically, in the lower fixing means thereof, allows the electric current generated 30 to be directed towards the path defined by the flow of molten copper material that penetrates inside of the row of the vertical continuous casting system. Therefore, as is the case with electric conductive segments, it is particularly advantageous for said collector ring to be made of a graphite material, in order to ensure its thermal resistance against high working temperature, and at the same time, avoid dissipation of form 35
    uncontrolled of the current towards the volume of molten copper material, thus ensuring a homogeneous distribution of the electric current.

    Additionally, the electromagnetic stirrer of the present invention comprises an electrical conductive plate configured to connect the terminal protrusions of said at least three electrical conductor segments to each other, comprising a plurality of holes provided for connecting electrical cables for current circulation. electric

    With respect to the applied electric current, as previously mentioned, in order to generate the magnetic field responsible for electromagnetic agitation, the application of an alternating electric current is required, in accordance with Ampère's law. Preferably, said alternating electric current has an intensity equal to or greater than about 1000 A; more preferably, said alternating electric current has an intensity equal to about 1000 A.
     fifteen
    On the other hand, in order to maximize the generated magnetic field and electric current density, it is preferable to increase the frequency of the applied alternating electric current. In fact, it has been experimentally observed that the frequency is directly related to the frequency of oscillation generated within the volume of molten copper material, so that its optimization becomes especially important in the effective application of this electromagnetic stirring technology.

    In this regard, regarding the frequency of applicable electric current, it will be especially important to consider an effect known in the art sector as "Skin effect". This effect defines the tendency of an alternating electric current to be distributed within a conductive material, so that the current density is greater near its surface, and decreases as the separation from the surface increases (ie "skin depth ”). As a result of this phenomenon, the effective resistance of the conductor increases at higher frequencies at points with a lower "skin depth", that is, at the points closest to the surface of the conductor. This is due to the presence of parasitic electric currents (i.e. Focault currents) induced by a variable magnetic field, which is formed as a result of the alternating electric current itself.

    Thus, taking into account the configuration of the electromagnetic stirrer of the present invention, as well as this Skin effect, the frequency of the alternating current used in the electromagnetic stirrer to carry out the agitation of the volume of copper material
    molten, is preferably between 15 Hz and 5000 Hz. More preferably, the frequency of the alternating current used in the electromagnetic stirrer to effect agitation of the volume of molten copper material is between 15 Hz and 40 Hz, and of Even more preferred, this frequency is approximately 25 Hz.
     5
    Another aspect of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic stirring method in a vertical continuous casting system for the stirring of molten copper, comprising:

    a) immersion, at least partially, of the electromagnetic stirrer of the present invention in a molten copper bath of a vertical continuous casting system, and
    b) the application of alternating electric current on the upstream of molten copper that circulates through the row of the vertical continuous casting system that passes through through holes present in said magnetic stirrer, when interacting with the magnetic field generated by the alternating current that circulates by the at least three 15 electrical conductor segments, to carry out the stirring of a volume of molten copper material.

    Particularly, taking into account the configuration of the electromagnetic stirrer of the present invention, as well as the aforementioned Skin effect, the frequency of the alternating current 20 used in step b) of this electromagnetic stirring method is comprised between 15 Hz and 5000 Hz ; more preferably, the frequency of the alternating current used is between 15 Hz and 40 Hz, and even more preferably, said frequency is approximately 25 Hz.
     25
    With respect to the intensity of alternating electric current used in step b) of the present electromagnetic stirring method, it preferably has an intensity equal to or greater than about 1000 A; more preferably, said alternating electric current has an intensity equal to about 1000 A.
     30
    The present electromagnetic stirring method may comprise an additional stage c), subsequent to stage b), which consists of fixing a plurality of electrodes around the copper pre-tube resulting from the vertical continuous casting system, which is formed and collected by the upper end of the row of said system. These electrodes are in continuous contact with the copper pre-pipe, and are intended to close the electrical circuit of the system. Preferably, said plurality of electrodes are placed radially
    around said copper pre-tube; more preferably, said plurality of electrodes are placed radially around said copper pre-tube, at a height of approximately 2 meters with respect to the upper end of the cooling jacket or "supercooler".

    In a preferred embodiment, said plurality of electrodes is made of graphite. More preferably, said plurality of electrodes are four electrodes. Particularly, said plurality of electrodes are four graphite electrodes.

    Other features and additional advantages, derived from the electromagnetic stirrer of the invention, as well as the electromagnetic stirring method described herein, will be apparent from the description of a preferred, non-limiting embodiment, which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and described below. Additionally, the invention covers all possible combinations of the particular and preferred embodiments of the present document.
     fifteen
    Throughout the description and claims, the word "comprises" and variations of the word, such as "contains", are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps.

    Brief description of the drawings 20

    FIG. 1 - Perspective view of an electromagnetic stirrer according to the present invention.
    FIG. 2 - Perspective view of an electromagnetic agitator according to the present invention, coupled to a vertical continuous copper casting system (bath of 25 molten copper material not included; row not visible given its partial inclusion within the cooling jacket ), in which an copper pre-tube obtained by means of said vertical continuous casting system is shown by way of illustration, which is formed and collected by the upper end of the row of said system. 30

    Description of a preferred embodiment

    As can be seen from the attached figures 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment of the electromagnetic agitator for stirring a volume of molten copper material in a vertical continuous casting system of the present invention comprises
    - four electrical conductor segments (1) arranged in parallel and equidistant from each other, one of the ends of each being provided with terminal protrusions (2),
    - a fixing means (3) configured to hold said four electric conductor segments (1), said fixing means (3) being arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction defined by the electric conductor segments (1), at the end upper of these, and wherein said fixing means (3) is provided with four through holes (4) capable of passing said terminal protrusions (2), and an additional through hole (5) located on the surface defined in said means of fixing (3) by said four through holes (4), such that through said additional through hole 10 (5) a row (6) of a vertical continuous casting system provided with a cooling jacket (7) can pass ),
    - an electrical conductive plate (8) configured to connect the terminal protrusions (2) of said four electrical conductor segments (1) to each other, comprising a plurality of holes (9) provided for connecting electrical cables 15 for the circulation of electrical current , Y
    - a fixing means (10) of said four electrical conductor segments (1), said fastening means (10) being arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction defined by said four electrical conductor segments (1), at the lower end of these, and wherein said fixing means (10) is provided with a through hole (11), and a collecting ring (12) concentrically located around said through hole (11), where through said hole through (11) it is possible to pass a row (6) of a vertical continuous casting system provided with a cooling jacket (7).
     25
    The four electrical conductor segments (1) used for this case are four cylindrical graphite bars. These cylindrical graphite bars are coated with a layer of graphite insulating material.

    Said cylindrical graphite bars also have a diameter between 30 and 30 mm and approximately 90 mm; furthermore, the distance between the longitudinal axis defined by each of the cylindrical bars and the longitudinal axis defined by the row of the vertical continuous casting system is approximately 200 mm or less.

    Additionally, the collector ring (12) used in this case is made of graphite material.
    In FIG. 2, illustrative of this preferred embodiment, is also shown the electromagnetic stirrer coupled to the vertical continuous casting system to obtain solid copper shaped final products, obtained from molten copper. In it you can see the different elements of the vertical continuous casting system, such as the “supercooler” cooling jacket (6) and the thermal insulating pot (7). With the objective of simplifying the figure and facilitating its understanding, the molten copper bath is not included, which is a receptacle located at the bottom, in contact with the row. In said receptacle, the melting of the volume of solid starting copper material usually occurs, which will then ascend through the row, where it will be subjected to electromagnetic agitation by means of the electromagnetic stirrer of the present invention. 10 Finally, said volume of molten copper will be extracted, once solidified, from the top of the row, in the form of a copper pre-pipe (14). It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art, that throughout the process, the electromagnetic stirrer of the present invention is partially submerged in said volume of molten copper material. fifteen

    Additionally, as shown in FIG. 2, the electromagnetic stirring device contains four electrodes (13) around said copper pre-tube (14) resulting from the vertical continuous casting system, which is formed and collected by the upper end of the row of said system. Said four electrodes (13) with four graphite electrodes 20, which are placed radially around the copper pre-tube (14), at a height of approximately 2 m with respect to the upper end of the cooling jacket or "supercooler".
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]

    1. An electromagnetic stirrer for stirring a volume of molten copper material in a vertical continuous casting system, characterized in that it comprises:
     5
    - at least three electrical conductor segments (1) arranged in parallel and equidistant from each other, one of the ends of each being provided with terminal protrusions (2).
    - a fixing means (3) configured to hold said at least three electric conductor segments (1), said fixing means (3) being arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction defined by the electric conductor segments (1), in the upper end of these, and wherein said fixing means (3) is provided with at least three through holes (4) capable of passing said terminal protrusions (2), and an additional through hole (5) located on the defined surface in said fixing means (3) by said at least three through holes 15 (4), such that through said additional through hole (5) a row (6) of a vertical continuous casting system provided with a cooling jacket (7),
    - an electrical conductive plate (8) configured to connect the terminal protrusions (2) of said at least three electrical conductor segments (1) between 20 yes, comprising a plurality of holes (9) provided for connecting electrical cables for the circulation of electric current, and
    - a fixing means (10) of said at least three electrical conductor segments (1), said fastening means (10) being arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction defined by said at least three electrical conductor segments 25 (1), at the lower end of these, and wherein said fixing means (10) is provided with a through hole (11), and a collecting ring (12) concentrically located around said through hole (11), wherein through said through hole (11) a row (6) of a vertical continuous casting system provided with a cooling jacket (7) can pass. 30

    [2]
    2. An electromagnetic stirrer according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises four electrical conductor segments (1) arranged in parallel and equidistant from each other.
     35
    [3]
    3. An electromagnetic stirrer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each of said electric conductive segments (1) consists of a cylindrical bar made of graphite material.

    [4]
    4. An electromagnetic stirrer according to claim 3, characterized in that the cylindrical bars of graphite material have a diameter between approximately 30 mm and 90 mm.

    [5]
    An electromagnetic stirrer according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that said cylindrical bars of graphite material have a diameter of approximately 60 mm 10.

    [6]
    An electromagnetic stirrer according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the distance between the longitudinal axis defined by each of the electric conductor segments (1) and the longitudinal axis defined by said row (6) is equal or less than 15 at 200 mm approximately.

    [7]
    7. An electromagnetic stirrer according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that said electrical conductor segments (1) are covered by a layer of insulating material. twenty

    [8]
    8. An electromagnetic stirrer according to claim 7, characterized in that said insulating material is selected from alumina, silicon carbide or a combination thereof.
     25
    [9]
    9. An electromagnetic stirrer according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that said collecting ring (12) is made of graphite material.

    [10]
    10. Electromagnetic stirring method in a vertical continuous casting system for stirring molten copper, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    a) immersion, at least partially, of a magnetic stirrer defined according to any of claims 1-9 in a molten copper bath of a vertical continuous casting system, and
    b) the application of alternating electric current on the upstream of molten copper 35 flowing through the row of the vertical continuous casting system that passes through through holes present in said magnetic stirrer, when interacting
    with the magnetic field generated by the alternating current that circulates through the at least three electrical conductor segments, to carry out the stirring of a volume of molten copper material.

    [11]
    11. Electromagnetic stirring method according to claim 10, characterized in that said electric current has an intensity equal to or less than about 1000 A.

    [12]
    12. Electromagnetic stirring method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that said electric current has a frequency between 10 15 Hz and 5000 Hz.

    [13]
    13. Electromagnetic stirring method according to any of claims 10-12, characterized in that said electric current has a frequency between 15 Hz and 40 Hz.

    [14]
    14. Electromagnetic stirring method according to any of claims 10-13, characterized in that said electric current has a frequency of approximately 25 Hz.
     twenty
    [15]
    15. The electromagnetic stirring method according to any of claims 10-14, characterized in that it comprises an additional step c) consisting of fixing a plurality of electrodes around a copper pre-pipe resulting from the vertical continuous casting system, which is form and collect at the upper end of the row of said system. 25

    [16]
    16. Electromagnetic stirring method according to claim 15, characterized in that said plurality of electrodes are 4 graphite electrodes.

    [17]
    17. Electromagnetic stirring method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that said plurality of electrodes are placed radially around said copper pre-tube, at a height of approximately 2 m with respect to the upper end of the cooling jacket or " supercooler. "
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2619840B1|2018-01-09|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB2079196A|1980-06-05|1982-01-20|Ti Group Services Ltd|Stirring Molten Metal in a Casting Mould|
    ES2076571T3|1991-02-09|1995-11-01|Km Europa Metal Ag|PROCEDURE FOR THE CONTINUOUS CASTING OF COPPER ALLOYS.|
    DE102006042579A1|2005-09-11|2007-04-19|Zhejiang Fada Copper Co. Ltd.|Horizontal electromagnetism method and equipment for casting sheet and strip made from copper alloy continuously|
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    2019-01-17| PC2A| Transfer of patent|Owner name: LA FARGA YOURCOPPERSOLUTIONS, S.A. Effective date: 20190117 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201730560A|ES2619840B1|2017-03-31|2017-03-31|Electromagnetic stirrer for use in vertical continuous casting systems, and use thereof|ES201730560A| ES2619840B1|2017-03-31|2017-03-31|Electromagnetic stirrer for use in vertical continuous casting systems, and use thereof|
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